Skip to main content
Graph theory
Lesson 9 of 10

Trees and spanning trees

Objective. Recognise trees and build a minimum spanning tree.

The key idea

A tree is connected with no cycles and has exactly n − 1 edges. Kruskal's algorithm adds the cheapest edge that creates no cycle until all vertices connect.

Worked example

A connected graph has 6 vertices. How many edges in a spanning tree?

6
Coordinate grid with the line 6
  1. 1A tree on n vertices has n − 1 edges.
  2. 26 − 1 = 5.

Answer: 5 edges

Practice

Each question comes with a picture and a listen button. Try it first, then reveal the answer.

Common mistake. Choosing the cheapest edge even when it closes a cycle.

Your progress

Tick each step as you finish it — Continue brings you back here.

0 of 5 steps complete

My dashboard